Chapter 164 – Determination

Author’s Note:

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Some readers asked if submarines existed in ancient times.

While researching, I found that in 1620, Dutch physicist Cornelis Drebbel created a navigable submarine, with a wooden cabinet covered in oiled cowhide and twelve crew members paddling. This corresponds to the 40th year of the Wanli era, which might be surprising.

In the sixth year of the Guangxu era (in 1880), the Tianjin Arsenal successfully manufactured and tested China’s first submarine. Surprised by this historical fact, aren’t you? Our technological development wasn’t lagging behind much…

Including the invention of torpedoes, which happened earlier than many might imagine. I won’t delve into details, but interested readers can check it out themselves.

To write this story, I downloaded numerous academic papers from the library website. I’m proud of myself!